In our daily lives, amidst the fast pace and air pollution, there is a hidden threat we cannot see with the naked eye — one that slowly deteriorates our health: fine particulate matter known as PM 2.5. Although the PM 2.5 situation as of mid-2025 may not seem as critical as during the peak of the smog season, the truth is this dust hasn't gone anywhere. It continues to pose a significant health threat, one that we must remain aware of and protect ourselves from regularly.
What is PM 2.5 and Why is it Dangerous?
PM 2.5 stands for Particulate Matter 2.5, referring to airborne particles with a diameter smaller than 2.5 micrometers—about 1/25 the width of a human hair. Because of their tiny size, these particles can.
- Easily infiltrates the body: PM 2.5 can bypass the body’s natural defense mechanisms—such as nasal hairs and the respiratory tract—and travel deep into the lungs, reaching the alveoli and even entering the bloodstream directly.
- Carrier of toxic substances: PM 2.5 particles often bind with harmful substances such as heavy metals, carcinogens, and toxic gases. When inhaled, these toxins enter the body along with the fine dust, increasing health risks significantly.
Where does PM 2.5 come from?
Sources of PM 2.5 come from various origins, both natural and human activities.
- Traffic: Exhaust fumes from vehicles, especially diesel engines.
- Industrial sector: Factories and industries that emit air pollutants.
- Open burning: Burning of agricultural waste, garbage, and forest fires.
- Construction dust: Dust from building construction, roadwork, and infrastructure development.
- Household activities: Such as high-heat cooking (grilling, frying, roasting) or burning incense and candles.
- Weather conditions: Calm weather, weak wind, and high atmospheric pressure cause particles to accumulate in the air.
Invisible but Serious Health Effects.
Prolonged exposure to PM 2.5, even in small amounts, can lead to long-term health effects.
- Respiratory system: Irritation of the respiratory tract, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathing, asthma attacks, and an increased risk of chronic lung diseases, including lung cancer.
- Cardiovascular system: PM 2.5 particles that enter the bloodstream can cause inflammation of blood vessels, make the heart work harder, and increase the risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke.
- Skin and eyes: Skin irritation, rashes, red eyes, and eye irritation or burning.
- Nervous system: Some studies have begun to show links between PM 2.5 exposure and neurological issues, such as slower development in children and a higher risk of brain-related diseases in the elderly.
- Vulnerable groups: Young children, the elderly, pregnant women, and individuals with chronic illnesses are more susceptible to the harmful effects of PM 2.5 than the general population.
How can we protect ourselves from PM 2.5?
Even though it's an invisible threat, we can still reduce the risk and protect ourselves by taking the following measures.
1. Monitor air quality regularly: Check the PM 2.5 levels in your area through reliable apps or websites.
2. Wear certified protective masks: When pollution levels are high, use an N95 mask, which effectively filters PM 2.5 particles.
3. Limit outdoor activities: Avoid exercising or engaging in outdoor activities when the air quality is at hazardous levels.
4. Keep windows and doors closed: Prevent outdoor air from entering and use air purifiers with HEPA filters at home or in the workplace.
5. Reduce pollution sources: Avoid burning waste, limit private car use, use public transportation, and maintain vehicles properly to minimize emissions.
6. Take care of your health: Eat nutritious food, stay hydrated, exercise regularly, and get enough rest to strengthen your immune system.
PM 2.5 is a silent threat that surrounds us. Being aware of its dangers and consistently taking preventive measures are crucial steps in protecting our health and the well-being of those we love from this invisible danger. Let us start paying attention to the air we breathe—for a better quality of life, every single day.
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Posted by
Chutima Saenbudda
Support Specialist
“R” is a support specialist with as strong personality typo, who is willing to support and ready to provide fast and accurate service to all channel inquiries. She is very enthusiastic, well experienced and can work with diverse team and customers. In her free time, she likes to play computer games and winning is part of her game.
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